Professor Simon Jeffery

Armagh Planetarium and Observatory

    Professor Simon Jeffery

    Simon’s astronomical life started in Edinburgh, and has taken him via a Physics degree at Imperial College, London, to St Andrews, Scotland and Kiel, Germany, before finally moving to the Armagh Observatory and Planetarium in Northern Ireland, where he works as a senior research astronomer. He is also adjunct Professor of Physics at Trinity College Dublin and recently held a Visiting Byfellowship at Churchill College, Cambridge.

    Following a lifelong interest in how stars work and how they vary over time, Simon’s PhD in theoretical stellar structure and evolution was followed by pursuing observational and theoretical work on stellar pulsations and atmospheres. Most stars never fully exhaust their initial hydrogen store, but retain a hydrogen surface to the very end. However, in rare and extreme cases, some stars become true ‘helium’ stars. Simon’s goal is ultimately to demonstrate their elusive origins. The surprising conclusion is that the great majority appear to have formed from the merger of two very old and faint stars … a double white dwarf. His favourite is the pulsating V652 Herculis — the ‘born-again rocket star’.

    Simon and his wife Angela have three children. Simon would like to spend more time dinghy racing, sings baritone, and hunts big game and wild seascapes with a camera.

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    Data

    • Model Atmospheres : Model atmospheres and synthetic spectra computed with lte_codes
    • Atomic Data : Restricted linelists for use with lte_codes
    • Spectral Atlases
      • ehe_stars: A collection of UV and optical spectra of hydrogen-deficient stars and related objects
      • salt_dr1: The SALT survey of helium-rich hot subdwarfs – first data release: reduced, merged and normalised spectra.

    Software

    • Stellar Atmospheres Software : Overview
    • Lectures : Lectures, examples and software tarballs given in Kunming and Beijing, 2019
    • LTE-CODES   a package for the analysis of stellar atmospheres, especially for early-type chemically-peculiar stars.
      • STERNE : Numerical models for stellar atmospheres in local and thermodynamic equilibrium
      • SPECTRUM :  Synthetic spectra, line profiles and chemical abundances
      • SFIT : Multi-parameter optimisation for stellar spectra
    • IDL programs including
      • FAST : Fourier analysis of spectroscopic time series
      • IDLINES : Stellar spectra and model fits with line identifications
    • CCP7 : software from Collaborative Computational Project No. 7: The analysis of astronomical spectra

    Research

    Armagh Planetarium and Observatory

    Hydrogen-deficient stars

    All stars are born from a mixture dominated by hydrogen, with some 30% helium (by mass) and a sprinkling of heavier elements. They shine by converting hydrogen to helium and helium to carbon in their dieppe interiors. Whilst the interior chemistry is radially change,  their surfaces normally remain pristine and hydrogen-rich.

    However, a few classes of star have somehow lost some or all of their original hydrogen. Our research explores the traumatic evolution of these stellar exotics by measuring surface chemistries with spectroscopy and probing their interiors with pulsation.

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    Armagh Planetarium and Observatory

    Asteroseismology

    Like all physical objects, stars posses natural oscillatory modes which may be excited and become visible as pulsations.  In hot stars the excitation of pulsations is usually  a valve mechanism involving the opacity of one or more ionizing elements. The combination of a unique spectrum of oscillations and the chemistry necessary to drive them underpins the study of stellar interiors by asteroseismology.

    New classes of pulsating stars continue to be discovered in all parts of the Hetzspring-Russell diagrams. Our research explores the mechanisms responsible for driving pulsations in evolved hot stars.

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    Opening Hours

    Open Tuesday to Sunday, 10:00am – 5:00pm
    Closed on Mondays (Open Bank Holiday Mondays)